Kesepadanan Al-Qasam dalam Terjemahan Bahasa Melayu Juzuk 30 al-Quran: Analisis Berasaskan Korpus
Equivalence of Al-Qasam in Malay Translation of Juz 30 of the Qur’an: A Corpus-Based Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/mhehvk18Keywords:
al-qasam, terjemahan al-Quran, CBTS, SFL, Ilmu Maʿānī, tipologi kesepadanan BakerAbstract
Kajian ini menganalisis kesepadanan al-qasam dalam terjemahan bahasa Melayu bagi Juzuk 30 al-Quran dengan menggunakan Corpus-Based Translation Studies (CBTS) sebagai metodologi utama bagi pengumpulan, penjajaran dan analisis korpus selari Arab-Melayu. Analisis kajian ini dipandu oleh kerangka Ilmu Maʿānī, Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) dan Tipologi Kesepadanan Baker yang digunakan sebagai alat interpretatif bagi menilai hubungan antara bentuk, fungsi metafungsional dan daya retorik dalam proses penterjemahan. Fokus analisis adalah terhadap bagaimana struktur al-qasam direalisasikan dan dipadankan dalam teks sasaran dari perspektif kesepadanan linguistik dan fungsional. Dapatan korpus menunjukkan sebanyak 18 token al-qasam dalam teks sumber, dengan dominasi wāw al-qasam sebanyak 15 token (83.3%), diikuti bāʾ al-qasam sebanyak 3 token (16.7%), manakala tāʾ al-qasam tidak direkodkan. Dalam teks sasaran, padanan utama ialah “demi” (61.1%), diikuti “dan” (16.7%), “dengan” (16.7%) dan “serta” (5.6%). Analisis penjajaran korpus menunjukkan bahawa padanan “demi” mengekalkan fungsi interpersonal dan intensifikasi epistemik, sekali gus merealisasikan kesepadanan fungsional yang lebih tinggi. Sebaliknya, padanan lain memperlihatkan peralihan kesepadanan (equivalence shift) daripada fungsi retorik kepada fungsi kohesi tekstual (“dan”, “serta”) dan hubungan ideasional-instrumental (“dengan”). Dapatan ini menunjukkan bahawa kesepadanan al-qasam tidak bersifat linear, sebaliknya membentuk spektrum kesepadanan yang merangkumi kesepadanan penuh (full equivalence), kesepadanan separa (partial equivalence) dan peralihan pragmatik (pragmatic shift). Kajian ini merumuskan bahawa al-qasam berfungsi sebagai unit retorik-epistemik yang mengalami redistribusi metafungsional dalam proses penterjemahan. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini mencadangkan konsep rhetorical-functional equivalence sebagai peluasan kepada Tipologi Kesepadanan Baker (2018) bagi menjelaskan interaksi antara fungsi linguistik dan daya retorik dalam terjemahan teks agama berautoriti tinggi.
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