Tekanan psikologi dalam kalangan mahasiswa menurut perspektif kaunselor universiti
Psychological distress among university students from from the perspective of university counselors
Keywords:
Psikologi mahasiswa, faktor tekanan, tekanan psikologi, kesihatan mental, strategi pencegahanAbstract
Isu tekanan psikologi perlu diberikan perhatian serius kerana ia melibatkan kesihatan mental seseorang. Bagi mahasiswa, tekanan merupakan cabaran yang sentiasa dihadapi mereka dalam melalui proses pengajian di peringkat tertiari. Ini kerana mereka terikat dengan tanggungjawab akademik di samping pengurusan diri, kewangan dan keluarga. Jika tekanan ini tidak berjaya tidak ditangani dengan baik, ia akan mengundang pelbagai masalah lain yang boleh menjejaskan kehidupan mahasiswa pada masa akan datang. Justeru, penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti faktor tekanan psikologi dalam kalangan mahasiswa universiti serta kesannya. Kajian dijalankan secara kualitatif dengan reka bentuk fenomenologi. Sampel kajian terdiri daripada empat buah universiti di Semenanjung Malaysia. Instrumen kajian adalah protokol temubual separa berstruktur ke atas empat orang kaunselor universiti. Data temubual yang diperolehi telah dianalisis secara tematik menggunakan perisian Atlas.ti. Dapatan menemui bahawa faktor tekanan psikologi dalam kalangan mahasiswa boleh dirumuskan kepada faktor keluarga, faktor diri sendiri, tekanan akademik dan kurang sokongan sosial. Sebanyak tiga kesan utama tekanan psikologi telah dikenal pasti iaitu kebimbangan, kesukaran mengawal emosi dan cubaan menamatkan riwayat hidup. Justeru, pihak universiti khususnya kaunselor disarankan agar mengambil berat isu tekanan psikologi dalam kalangan mahasiswa supaya panduan dan bimbingan sewajarnya dapat diberikan kepada mereka berkaitan kaedah menguruskan tekanan psikologi di samping menjelaskan kepada mereka gejala-gejala masalah kesihatan mental berkaitan agar langkah pencegahan dapat diambil lebih awal sebelum masalah ini menjadi semakin serius.
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