Penerapan dan Keselarasan Elemen Maqasid Syariah dalam Pelaksanaan Skim Subsidi Baja: Satu Analisis Literatur
Applying and Aligning Maqasid al-Shariah Principles in Fertilizer Subsidy Schemes: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/w5mze710Keywords:
Maqasid Syariah, Subsidi Baja, Keterjaminan Makanan, Hifz al-Nafs, Hifz al-Mal, Pertanian LestariAbstract
Skim subsidi baja merupakan instrumen dasar pertanian yang kritikal dalam meningkatkan produktiviti dan menjamin kesejahteraan komuniti tani. Namun, penilaian terhadap keberkesanannya sering kali terhad kepada dimensi ekonomi tanpa melihat kepada kerangka kesejahteraan yang lebih luas. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerapan elemen Maqasid Syariah dalam skim subsidi baja berdasarkan literatur terdahulu serta menilai tahap keselarasan skim tersebut dengan prinsip-prinsip berkenaan. Menggunakan kaedah semakan literatur sistematik terhadap kajian di pelbagai negara seperti Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Senegal, dan China, dapatan menunjukkan bahawa elemen Hifz al-Nafs (menjaga nyawa) dan Hifz al-Mal (menjaga harta) adalah yang paling dominan. Subsidi baja didapati selaras dengan Maqasid Syariah apabila ia berjaya menjamin keterjaminan makanan (nyawa) dan mengurangkan beban kos input serta meningkatkan pendapatan petani (harta). Walau bagaimanapun, keselarasan ini bersifat bersyarat; isu ketirisan, penyelewengan, dan kesan negatif terhadap alam sekitar boleh menjejaskan pencapaian maqasid tersebut. Kajian ini merumuskan bahawa bagi mencapai tahap keselarasan syariah yang tinggi, skim subsidi baja perlu diperkukuh melalui penyasaran yang tepat, pemantauan digital yang telus, dan penggalakan amalan pertanian lestari. Implikasi kajian ini memberikan panduan kepada pembuat dasar untuk mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Maqasid Syariah dalam pengurusan bantuan bagi memastikan kemaslahatan umat manusia yang lebih menyeluruh.
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