SINTESIS RENTAS BUDAYA TERHADAP KONSEP KESIHATAN: ANALISIS BERASASKAN MODEL BIOPSIKOSOSIAL–SPIRITUAL DAN CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
CROSS-CULTURAL SYNTHESIS OF HEALTH CONCEPTS: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL–SPIRITUAL MODEL AND CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53840/f3v5ge77Keywords:
health concept, culture, biopsychosocial–spiritual, CDOH, medical anthropologyAbstract
This article examines the concept of health across cultures through a systematic-descriptive literature review. The study explores how traditional and contemporary societies interpret health through the interaction of biological, psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual dimensions. The analysis is guided by the Biopsychosocial–Spiritual (BPSS) Model and Cultural Determinants of Health (CDOH) framework, drawing upon literature from medical anthropology, public health, spirituality, and cultural studies retrieved from the Scopus, Web of Science, JSTOR, and Google Scholar databases. The findings identify four recurring patterns in the understanding of health across societies: elemental balance as the foundation of health, social functioning as an indicator of wellbeing, spiritual and cosmological dimensions in the interpretation of illness, and contemporary health paradigms shaped by mental health, digital culture, and self-rated health (SRH). The study demonstrates that health cannot be adequately understood through biomedical perspectives alone, as interpretations of the body, illness, and healing are profoundly shaped by cultural values, social structures, and lived experiences. The integration of BPSS and CDOH offers a comprehensive conceptual framework that links traditional and contemporary understandings of health while highlighting the dynamic interaction between biological, psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual factors. The study suggests that future health policies, education, and practices should adopt more culturally responsive, inclusive, and holistic approaches to wellbeing.
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